What does the term "latent heat" refer to in HVAC?

Latent heat refers to the energy absorbed or released by a substance during a phase change without a change in temperature. This concept is crucial in HVAC because it directly relates to processes like evaporation and condensation that occur in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

For instance, when water evaporates into steam, it requires energy to change its state from liquid to gas, absorbing heat without increasing its temperature. Conversely, when steam condenses back into water, it releases that stored energy. Understanding latent heat allows HVAC professionals to design systems that effectively manage humidity and temperature control, enhancing comfort and efficiency in indoor environments.

This concept is distinct from other forms of heat transfer, such as radiation and conduction, which occur through different mechanisms. Understanding latent heat is essential for effectively managing air quality and thermal comfort in HVAC applications.