What is the formula to calculate the pressure required to create a specific flow rate?

The correct formula for calculating the pressure required to create a specific flow rate is indeed given by the equation where pressure relates to the square of the flow rate, fluid density, and friction factor—specifically, P = (Flow Rate)² × (Fluid Density) × (Friction Factor).

This relationship arises from the principles of fluid mechanics, particularly the energy loss due to friction as fluid flows through a conduit. The flow rate indicates how much fluid is moving through a given area over time, and as the flow rate increases, the pressure required to maintain that flow increases significantly, often at a square relationship. The fluid density and friction factor come into play by accounting for the properties of the fluid being moved and the resistance encountered due to the duct's characteristics, which can vary based on material, roughness, and design.

In practical HVAC applications, this formula helps engineers and technicians determine the appropriate blower or pump specifications needed to achieve desired airflow rates while overcoming resistance in the system. Understanding this relationship allows for optimized design of HVAC systems, ensuring that adequate airflow is maintained without excessive energy consumption.